Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are Australia’s Indigenous people and come from hundreds of distinct groups of people with their own language, culture and traditions. According to the most recent archaeological evidence, Aboriginal peoples have been living on this land for at least 65,000 years, confirming what Aboriginal people have always known, that they are the world’s oldest continuous living culture. They comprised 3.8% of the Australian population with an estimated population of 984,000 people in mid 2021 and average life expectancy that is almost a decade less than other Australians. Since the early 1970s Aboriginal communities have been delivering primary health care through a national network of Aboriginal community controlled health organisations (ACCHO) and partnering in primary health care research. This presentation will focus on community led research and health service responses to the health inequalities experienced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.